Photo voltaic
Photo voltaic
(PV) material and devices convert sunlight in to electrical energy and PV cell
are commonly knows are solar cells. The PV cells are electricity producing
device made of semiconductor material PV can literally be translated as light
electricity. PV has two part: photo drive from Greek word for light and volt
relating to electricity pioneer.
PV system
are already an important part of our daily life. Simply PV provides the power
for small consumer’s items such as calculator and wristwatches. More
complicated system provide power for communication satellite, water pumps and
machines for home and small industries. Many road and power system are also
powered by PV System. In many cases PV power are least expensive than the other
electricity.
Photovoltaic Cells
PV cells are
the buildings block for all PV systems because they are the device that convert
sunlight to electricity. It’s come many size and shapes, for smaller then a
postage stamp to several inches across. They are often connected to gather to
from PV modules that may be up to several feet long. And few feet wide. Modules
in turn can be combined and connected to form PV array of different size and
power output. The modules of the array make up important part of the PV System.
When light
shines on PV cell it may be reflected observed and pass through. But only the
observed light produced electricity. The energy of the observed light transferred
to the electron in the atom of the PV cell semiconductor material. A special electrical property of PV cells are
called a built in electric field provides the force and voltage needed to drive
the current through a external load such as light bulb.
Types of PV Cells
1 Flat plate
The flat
plate PV is rectangular and flat this is the most common type of PV array used
in most comment appliances. Flat cells are often mounted at fixed angle that maximize
the exposure to the sun through the year. In more flexible system, the angle of
sola plate change and to track the optimal sun exposure during the day.
Convex lens
Convex lens
concentrating on PV cells require less material for the same power output then the
flat plate cells. Thus they are smaller in size, however concentrating cell operate
beat when the sky clear of cloud.
The PV
current can be related to the cell voltage by the Schockley Diode equation.
Thanks for Suggestion
EmoticonEmoticon